Design and Non-Linear Analysis of the Third Set of Locks of the Panama Canal Against Static and Seismic Loads

Abstract

The design of the structures of the third set of locks of the Panama Canal required the implementation of non-linear finite element models, which were used to design the structural elements that compose them. The numerical models of finite elements developed considered different conditions of static and dynamic loads produced by earthquakes using the Abaqus software. The seismic conditions applied, through an implicit dynamic time-history analysis, included a signal convolution analysis and the use of absorbent boundary conditions, which were coded in Fortran and validated as a user element within the software. Interactions between different parts were considered, such as concrete structures, water inside the locks and gates, for which interaction surfaces between them are defined. Plasticity was also considered using a Mohr-Coulomb formulation in the foundation rock. These numerical models allow a degree of optimization and reliability in the design that cannot be carried out through simplified calculations, they also give the possibility of performing an analysis of the integrity of concrete structures in the face of extreme stress events. The tools and methodologies developed here continue to be used for other projects of large concrete structures such as dams.