Resource Management and Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in an MPC-Based Microgrid

Abstract

Microgrids and electric vehicles are closely related concepts, as both aim to change the energy matrix towards more environmentally friendly resources. The need for distributed charging stations that do not compromise the stability of the electricity grid is becoming increasingly necessary, and a microgrid has the appropriate structure to provide a local and efficient solution. This paper proposes an economic model predictive control strategy as an energy management system for a microgrid with vehicle charging stations. To demonstrate performance, simulations were conducted on a microgrid featuring renewable generation, a storage system, three charging stations, and an operating connection to the grid. Two modes are considered for charging points: controlled charging and the vehicle-to-grid concept. The results demonstrate correct operation in various scenarios, where the optimal control actions align with the guidelines of the proposed functional in the controller. Finally, these results will also serve to establish incentive policies in the vehicle-to-grid mode.